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L-Cysteine
Synonyms: L-α-Amino-β-thiopropionic acid, Cysteine, Cysteinyl
CAS Number: 52-90-4
Purity: 98.5%-101.0% by HPLC
Описание
маркер
L-Cysteine
Synonyms: L-α-Amino-β-thiopropionic acid, Cysteine, Cysteinyl
CAS Number: 52-90-4
Purity: 98.5%-101.0% by HPLC
Molecular Formula: C₃H₇NO₂S
Appearance: White crystalline or crystalline powder
Melting Point: 240°C
Crystal System: Monoclinic
Physical and Chemical Properties:
L-Cysteine is an amino acid that contains sulfur and is a non-essential amino acid in humans. It is soluble in water but slightly odorous and difficult to dissolve in ethanol, ether, and other organic solvents. Its properties include:
- Water solubility: Soluble in water with slight odor.
- Solubility in organic solvents: Insoluble in ethanol and ether.
- Stability: Stable in acidic conditions but oxidizes in neutral and basic solutions to form cystine.
Synthesis and Biological Role:
L-Cysteine plays a critical role in human metabolism. It is synthesized in the body from the amino acid methionine, through the intermediary cystathionine, via the enzyme cystathionine β-synthase. Its sulfur atom is crucial for the production of glutathione (GSH), a major antioxidant in the body, particularly in the liver. Glutathione is vital for cellular detoxification processes and free radical scavenging.
- 1.Synthesis: L-Cysteine is synthesized from methionine by the enzyme cystathionine γ-lyase, which leads to the formation of homocysteine, which then leads to cysteine.
- 2.Biological Importance: L-Cysteine is integral to protein synthesis, detoxification processes, and cellular defense mechanisms. It serves as a precursor for the synthesis of glutathione, a potent antioxidant that helps neutralize free radicals in the body. It also participates in metabolic pathways, including those that detoxify harmful substances in the liver.
Applications of L-Cysteine
L-Cysteine has a wide range of applications in both biological and industrial contexts:
- 1.Medical Applications: L-Cysteine is used therapeutically in the treatment of conditions such as chronic bronchitis, liver damage (due to its role in detoxification), and as a supplement in certain disease conditions. It is also used to treat acetaminophen (paracetamol) poisoning due to its role in replenishing glutathione stores.
- 2.Food Industry: In the food industry, L-Cysteine is often used as a dough conditioner in baking to improve the elasticity of dough, contributing to better texture and volume in bread.
Cosmetics and Personal Care: L-Cysteine is included in various cosmetic products, such as shampoos and conditioners, where it functions as a conditioning agent to improve hair texture and strength.
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